An attenuation pond (or basin/detention pond) is an engineered basin that temporarily stores excess rainwater from urban areas during heavy storms, releasing it slowly into drainage systems or watercourses to prevent downstream flooding, erosion, and overwhelming infrastructure, often staying dry between rain events. These ponds manage runoff from impervious surfaces like roads and rooftops, mimicking natural drainage, reducing peak flows, and sometimes improving water quality through sediment settling.
- Collects runoff: During rainfall, water from roofs, roads, and other surfaces flows into the pond.
- Temporarily stores water: The pond holds this excess water, acting as a temporary reservoir.
- Controls release: A designed outlet structure (like a headwall with a valve or orifice) slowly releases the water at a controlled rate, preventing sudden surges.
- Dries out: Unlike retention ponds, they are often designed to be dry most of the time, only filling during significant storms.
Key functions
- Flood prevention: Reduces peak stormwater flow to prevent localized and downstream flooding.
- Erosion control: Slows water movement, preventing soil erosion.
- Water quality: Allows sediment and pollutants to settle out before water enters natural systems.
- Urban planning: Essential for developments with many impermeable surfaces to meet planning conditions.
Common locations
- New housing estates
- Commercial developments
- Roadways
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