Walls are the most obvious, and therefore perhaps the most important, element of an interior and exterior painting project. And painting the walls is the most common thing to beautify it.
While painting or some time after the painting, you may
notice some defects in the painting. Understanding the causes of these
defects can prepare you well enough, before you start the painting process and
make the job easier.
Here are some common paint defects and the solutions to
remedy them:
Blistering: Blistering
or Swelling of paint is caused due to trapping of air, moisture or solvent
between the surface and the paint film. The remedy is to remove any unstable
paint films. Allow the wall to dry thoroughly, and repaint with a recommended
paint. Also, avoid painting under direct sunlight.
Chipping: Chipping
of paint film is due to excessive use of putty or due to very thick coat of
paint or defective surfaces. The Remedy is to regulate the use of putty and
paint.
Bittiness: Bittiness is caused due to dirt from the atmosphere or dirt
on the surface or dirt from brushes that are inadequately cleaned or due to
bits of dried-up paint that gets stirred in. The Remedy is to use clean brushes
and paint on a clean surface. Also, strain the paint through a cloth before
use.
Cracking: This is
caused when the paint or varnish is applied over a base layer of different
elasticity before it has been given enough time to cure (which can take up to a
month). For example, two separate brands of varnish may react with each other
and form cracks. The Remedy is to allow the surface to dry fully and then rub
it down to make it ready for repainting. However, you could consider leaving
the cracking visible. It is a very popular ageing technique.
Peeling: Peeling is
caused by moisture on the wall, poor surface preparation or using the incorrect
painting system. This defect happens on walls as well as wood or metal
surfaces.
The remedy
for walls is to check and repair water seepage. Ensure the walls are dry before
painting. And use an alkali-resistant basecoat or sealer. Patch surface defects
with putty.
The remedy for wood is to prime wood before painting, sand the surface and clean off dust.
The remedy for metal is to remove all paint from metal before re-painting. Prime the surface and re-coat with suitable paint.
The remedy for wood is to prime wood before painting, sand the surface and clean off dust.
The remedy for metal is to remove all paint from metal before re-painting. Prime the surface and re-coat with suitable paint.
Flaking: Flaking-off
of paint film is due to improper application of primer coat over putty, and not
being completely covered. It can also be due to application of paint on
insufficiently dry surfaces or due to shrinkage or expansion of a surface
causing the paint film to move. The Remedy is to ensure that there are no gaps
in covering putty with primer coat. Also ensure that the surface is dry and
clean.
And this are the other paint defects and remedies:
Algae/Fungus growth: Algae
and fungus can grow when the surface is continually damp and dirty.
Insufficient fungicide/ algaecide in the paint can also worsen the
situation.The Remedy is to remove algae / fungus by high-pressure washing. Wash
again to remove any residue. Allow the wall to dry before applying with
recommended paint.
Brush marks: Brush
marks are caused due to under-thinning of paints or due to poor application of
the final coat of paint or due to poor quality brush. The Remedy is to ensure
the paint is applied using the right viscosity and a good brush.
Chalking: Chalking occurs when ultraviolet rays cause the paint binder to disintegrate. It can happen when interior paints are used for exterior surfaces. The solution- Remove any unstable paint films. Allow wall to dry thoroughly, and repaint with recommended paint. Make sure paint is not adulterated with foreign materials.
Cissing: Cissing or tiny
craters are caused by oily or greasy surface or due to water based paints being
applied over gloosy or smooth enamel paints. The Remedy is to clean the surface
thoroughly with soap solution and water. Roughen enamel paint with Sandpaper or
use a barrier coat of matt primer.
Drips: Drips or nibs in the
dried paint surface are usually pure lapses in technique. The Remedy is to rub
the dried drips away with fine sandpaper and re-paint the area. On high gloss
finishes you may need to apply a final coat over the entire area to disguise
the patch where you rubbed.
Efflorescence: Efforescence
or formation of white powdery deposit on walls after painting is caused due to
salts present in the building material like brick and mortar, which surface
later on. The Remedy is to give a long time gap between plastering and painting
(about 6 months including one monsoon) Use paint with a porous film like
emulsions and distempers.
Fat edges: A heavy
ridge of paint along the edges is caused by too much paint on the brush. The
Remedy is to tap the paint brush against the container for the excess paint to
drain out.
Grinning: If the previous colour shows through the finishing coat, it is because the base was too dark or the paint was too thin or badly applied. The Remedy is to just paint over.
Loss of gloss: Loss of
gloss is caused due to poor surface preparation or due to presence of oil or
due to over thinning of paint. The Remedy is to clean the surface thoroughly
and take all recommended steps for surface preparation.
Discoloration: After
paint is applied, it may fade or discolor. This is caused by particles in the
wall reacting with the paint when it is drying. Discoloration could also be
caused by water seepage, or by contaminants in metal or wood. The Remedy is to
repair water seepage. Make sure the surface is dry before painting. And apply
an alkaline-resistant or oil-based paint.
Wrinkling:
Wrinkling happens when the paint forms film-like undulating waves. Applying too
much paint, or drying during high temperatures, or painting on a topcoat before
the undercoat is dry can cause this defect. The Remedy is to avoid applying too
much paint. Make sure no paint accumulates round bolts, rivets, etc. Wait until
each coat dries before you re-coat.
Slow drying: Non-drying
or slow drying of paint film is caused due to humidity, poor air circulation,
low temperature or presence of oil or grease on the surface or due to
alkalinity of the surface. The Remedy is to reduce the impact of atmospheric
conditions to the extent possible; Scrub oil or grease off with a rag soaked in
white spirit and wash with water and soap.
Yellowing: White paint will gradually yellow because it receives
little light - such as inside cupboards or behind pictures. The Remedy is to
use non-yellowing whites
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